UAE Labor Card: Complete Guide to Application & Renewal
UAE Labor Law42 min read
UAE Labor Card: Complete Guide to Application & Renewal
Complete UAE labor card guide covering what it is, who needs it, application process, required documents, Emirates ID integration, checking labor card number online, renewal process, free zone vs mainland differences, and penalties for non-compliance. For HR managers, PRO officers, and employees.
UAE Labor Card: Complete Guide to Application & Renewal
Quick Summary: The UAE labor card (now officially the e-Work Permit) is a mandatory digital document authorizing employment in the UAE private sector. Governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 and Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022, it is issued by MOHRE for mainland employees and by individual free zone authorities for free zone employees. Application takes 2-3 weeks and costs AED 3,000-7,000. Renewal must begin 60 days before expiry. Late renewal attracts fines of AED 200/month per employee. Employing workers without valid permits carries penalties of AED 50,000 per worker. Emirates ID is now fully integrated with the labor card system.
The UAE labor card is one of the most critical employment documents for any business operating in the United Arab Emirates. Whether you are an HR manager onboarding new hires, a PRO officer managing visa processes, or an employee seeking to understand your work authorization status, a thorough understanding of the labor card system is essential.
This guide covers everything you need to know about the UAE labor card in 2026: what it is, who needs one, the complete application process, required documents, Emirates ID integration, how to check your labor card number online, the renewal process, free zone vs mainland differences, costs, penalties, cancellation procedures, and job transfer rules under current law.
What Is a UAE Labor Card?
A UAE labor card is the official government-issued document that authorizes an individual to work legally in the UAE private sector. Historically issued as a physical plastic card, the labor card has been fully digitized and is now known as the e-Work Permit. It is accessible through the MOHRE app and the MOHRE eServices portal.
The labor card is issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE) for mainland private sector employees. Free zone employees receive equivalent work permits from their respective free zone authority.
Labor Card Details
Field
Description
Work Permit Number
Unique identifier assigned by MOHRE
Employee Name
Full name as per passport
Nationality
Country of citizenship
Job Title
Official designation registered with MOHRE
Employer Name
Sponsoring company name and establishment number
Issue Date
Date the labor card was issued
Expiry Date
Date the labor card expires (typically 2 years from issue)
Personal Number
Linked to Emirates ID number
Skill Level
Classification from 1 (highest) to 5 (lowest)
Salary
Basic salary registered with MOHRE
Status
Active, Expired, Cancelled, or Suspended
Labor Card vs Work Permit
The terms "labor card" and "work permit" are often used interchangeably, but there are technical distinctions.
Aspect
Labor Card (e-Work Permit)
Work Permit Approval
Definition
The actual authorization document for employment
The initial approval from MOHRE to hire a specific worker
Timing
Issued after residency visa is stamped
Issued before the employee enters the UAE
Purpose
Confirms legal right to work
Confirms employer is approved to hire
Validity
2 years from issue date
60 days to complete the hiring process
Issued By
MOHRE (mainland) or Free Zone Authority
MOHRE (mainland) or Free Zone Authority
Format
Digital (e-Work Permit via MOHRE app/portal)
Digital approval notification
Legal Reference
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Article 6
Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022, Article 2
Important: In practice, MOHRE uses "work permit" to refer to the entire authorization. The term "labor card" persists in common usage and refers to the same document. This guide uses both terms where appropriate.
Who Needs a Labor Card?
Employees Who Require a Labor Card
Category
Labor Card Required?
Notes
Foreign nationals in mainland private sector
Yes
Standard MOHRE work permit
UAE nationals in private sector
Yes
Separate Emiratisation-linked permit
Part-time workers
Yes
Part-time work permit (Type 8)
Temporary workers
Yes
Temporary work permit (Type 4)
Freelancers
Yes
Freelance permit (Type 10)
Domestic workers
Yes
Domestic worker permit under MOHRE
GCC nationals
Yes
Simplified process, no entry permit needed
Students (work placement)
Yes
Student training permit (Type 7)
Free zone employees
No (MOHRE)
Permit issued by free zone authority
Government employees
No (MOHRE)
Covered under separate federal/emirate rules
Military personnel
No
Governed by military employment law
Diplomatic staff
No
Covered under diplomatic agreements
UAE Work Permit Types
The UAE recognizes 13 types of work permits to accommodate different employment arrangements under Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022.
Type
Name
Description
Validity
Type 1
Standard Work Permit
New employee from outside UAE
2 years
Type 2
Transfer Work Permit
Employee transferring from another UAE employer
2 years
Type 3
Work Permit for Dependents
Spouse or family member already on residence visa
2 years
Type 4
Temporary Work Permit
Short-term project or assignment
6 months
Type 5
Juvenile Work Permit
Workers aged 15-18 with guardian consent
1 year
Type 6
National Trainee Permit
UAE national undergoing training
1 year
Type 7
Student Training Permit
Student on work placement or internship
6 months
Type 8
Part-Time Work Permit
Employee working fewer hours than full-time
1 year
Type 9
Golden Visa Work Permit
Holders of Golden Visa (10-year)
Linked to visa validity
Type 10
Freelance Work Permit
Self-sponsored freelance professionals
1-2 years
Type 11
Green Visa Work Permit
Holders of Green Visa (5-year self-sponsored)
Linked to visa validity
Type 12
One-Mission Permit
Single task or mission from outside UAE
90 days
Type 13
Domestic Worker Permit
Household domestic staff
2 years
Exemptions from MOHRE Labor Card
Category
Reason for Exemption
Governing Authority
Free zone employees
Separate regulatory framework
Respective Free Zone Authority (e.g., JAFZA, DAFZA, DMCC)
Government employees
Federal/Emirate employment law applies
Federal Authority for Government HR / Emirate HR departments
Military personnel
Military employment law
UAE Armed Forces
Diplomatic staff
Diplomatic immunity and agreements
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Investors with no employment role
No employer-employee relationship
Department of Economic Development
Labor Card Application Process
The labor card application is a multi-step process that involves MOHRE, the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs (GDRFA), and the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs, and Port Security (ICP).
Step 1: Employer Applies for Work Permit Approval
The employer initiates the process by submitting a work permit application through the MOHRE eServices portal or a Tas'heel service center.
Requirement
Details
Platform
MOHRE eServices Portal (eservices.mohre.gov.ae) or Tas'heel
The employer applies to have the residency visa stamped in the employee's passport.
Requirement
Details
Platform
GDRFA e-Channels or ICP Smart Services
Who submits
Employer or authorized PRO
Documents required
Passport, Emirates ID application receipt, medical fitness certificate, work permit approval
Visa validity
2 years (standard), 5 years (Green Visa), 10 years (Golden Visa)
Processing time
2-3 working days
Cost
AED 100-200 depending on visa type
Step 7: Labor Card (e-Work Permit) Issuance
The final step is the issuance of the labor card itself.
Requirement
Details
Platform
MOHRE eServices Portal or Tas'heel
Who submits
Employer or authorized PRO
Prerequisite
Valid residency visa, Emirates ID, and work permit approval
Contract registration
Employment contract must be registered with MOHRE
WPS enrollment
Employee must be added to employer's WPS payroll
Processing time
3-5 working days
Labor card validity
2 years from issue date
Format
Digital (accessible via MOHRE app and portal)
Application Processing Timeline
Step
Duration
Cumulative Timeline
Work permit approval
2-3 working days
Days 1-3
Entry permit issuance
1-2 working days
Days 3-5
Employee entry to UAE
Varies
Days 5-10
Medical fitness test
2-3 working days
Days 7-13
Emirates ID processing
5-7 working days
Days 12-20
Residency visa stamping
2-3 working days
Days 14-23
Labor card issuance
3-5 working days
Days 17-28
Total estimated time
2-4 weeks
Varies based on individual steps
Fast-Track Processing: MOHRE and ICP offer expedited services for an additional fee of AED 500-1,000, which can reduce the total processing time to approximately 5-7 working days. Fast-track is available for Emirates ID, medical fitness, and visa stamping.
Required Documents
Documents Required from Employee
Document
Specifications
Notes
Valid passport
Minimum 6 months validity from application date
Must be original for visa stamping
Passport-size photographs
White background, 4.3 x 5.5 cm, recent (within 6 months)
6-8 copies recommended
Educational certificates
Originals and attested copies
Required for skill levels 1-3
Professional certificates
Relevant to job title
May be required for regulated professions
Experience certificates
From previous employers
May be required for certain job titles
Medical fitness certificate
From approved health center
Obtained during application process
Emirates ID application receipt
From ICP
Obtained during application process
Existing UAE visa (if applicable)
For status change or transfer
Required if employee is already in UAE
NOC from current sponsor (if applicable)
For dependents seeking employment
Sponsor must provide NOC for dependent's employment
Documents Required from Employer
Document
Specifications
Notes
Valid trade license
Current and active
Must match the activity of the job being offered
Establishment card
Active MOHRE establishment card
Must be valid and not suspended
Immigration card
Active GDRFA immigration card
Required for visa applications
Memorandum of Association
Attested copy
For new establishments or when adding partners
Tenancy contract (Ejari)
Registered with RERA or equivalent
Proves physical office space
Bank guarantee
Letter from bank
Required for certain company categories
Offer letter
Signed by employer and employee
Must match MOHRE contract terms
Employment contract
MOHRE standard form or compliant custom contract
Must be bilingual (Arabic and English)
WPS registration confirmation
From WPS agent (bank or exchange house)
Proves salary payment channel is active
Emiratisation compliance certificate
From MOHRE
Required for companies with 50+ employees
Document Attestation Requirements
Document
Attestation Required
Process
Educational certificates (outside UAE)
Yes
Home country Foreign Affairs Ministry, UAE Embassy in home country, UAE MOFA
Educational certificates (within UAE)
Varies
May require UAE MOFA attestation
Professional certificates
Varies by profession
Some require licensing authority attestation (e.g., DHA for healthcare)
Experience certificates
Generally not attested
May need translation to Arabic
Passport
No attestation required
Must be valid original
Trade license
No attestation required
Must be valid and active
Employment contract
MOHRE registration serves as attestation
Bilingual Arabic-English required
Important: Document attestation requirements change periodically. Some countries have bilateral agreements with the UAE that simplify or eliminate attestation. Always verify current requirements with MOHRE or your PRO.
Emirates ID Integration
Since the integration of the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs, and Port Security (ICP) with MOHRE systems, the Emirates ID has become the central identifier linking all employment-related documents.
How Emirates ID Integrates with Labor Card
Integration Point
Description
Personal number link
The Emirates ID number is linked to the labor card record in MOHRE systems
Biometric verification
Emirates ID biometrics are used to verify identity during employment processes
Digital access
Emirates ID credentials (via UAE Pass) provide access to labor card information online
Status synchronization
Changes to visa or labor card status are reflected in Emirates ID records
Employer verification
Employers can verify an employee's work authorization using Emirates ID
WPS link
Emirates ID is linked to WPS salary records
Insurance link
Health insurance is linked to Emirates ID
Checking Labor Card Status via Emirates ID
Method
Steps
Cost
UAE Pass App
Log in with Emirates ID credentials, navigate to MOHRE services, view labor card details
Free
MOHRE eServices Portal
Enter Emirates ID number and date of birth, view work permit status
Free
MOHRE Mobile App
Log in with UAE Pass (linked to Emirates ID), access labor card section
Free
ICP Smart Services
Log in with UAE Pass, view linked employment information
Free
Tas'heel Service Center
Present Emirates ID, request labor card status inquiry
AED 20-50 service fee
Emirates ID Application for Workers
Aspect
Details
Application platform
ICP Smart Services (smartservices.icp.gov.ae) or authorized typing centers
Required documents
Passport, entry permit, medical fitness certificate, passport photo
Biometric enrollment
Must be done in person at ICP service center
Standard processing
5-7 working days, AED 370
Urgent processing
3 working days, AED 570
Card validity
Matches residency visa validity (2, 5, or 10 years)
Renewal
Must be renewed when residency visa is renewed
Lost/damaged card
Replacement costs AED 300 plus typing fees
Card delivery
Emirates Post delivery to registered address
Digital Emirates ID
Available through UAE Pass app as digital alternative to physical card
Checking Labor Card Number Online
There are several ways to check your labor card number and status online. All official channels are free of charge.
MOHRE eServices Portal
Aspect
Details
Website
eservices.mohre.gov.ae
Registration required
No (for basic inquiry), Yes (for detailed information)
Information needed
Work permit number and date of birth, OR Emirates ID number
Steps
1. Visit eservices.mohre.gov.ae 2. Select "Work Permit Inquiry" 3. Enter work permit number and date of birth 4. View labor card details and status
Information displayed
Work permit number, employee name, employer name, job title, salary, issue date, expiry date, status
Cost
Free
Availability
24/7
Language
Arabic and English
MOHRE Mobile App
Aspect
Details
App name
MOHRE UAE
Available on
iOS (App Store) and Android (Google Play)
Login method
UAE Pass (linked to Emirates ID)
Steps
1. Download MOHRE UAE app 2. Log in with UAE Pass 3. Navigate to "My Labor Card" or "Work Permit" section 4. View labor card details
1. Call 600 590 000 2. Select language 3. Choose "Work Permit Inquiry" 4. Provide Emirates ID or work permit number 5. Receive verbal confirmation of labor card status
Cost
Standard call charges apply
Wait time
Typically 5-15 minutes
Tas'heel Service Centers
Aspect
Details
Locations
Over 50 centers across all seven emirates
Operating hours
Sunday to Thursday, 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM (varies by location)
Documents needed
Emirates ID (original)
Steps
1. Visit any Tas'heel center 2. Take a queue number for "Inquiry Services" 3. Present Emirates ID 4. Receive printed labor card details
Cost
AED 20-50 service fee (varies by center)
Additional services
Can also request official labor card letter, employment status letter
Information Available When Checking Online
Information
Available Online
Notes
Work permit number
Yes
Primary identifier for all labor card inquiries
Employee full name
Yes
As registered with MOHRE
Nationality
Yes
Country of passport
Job title
Yes
Official designation registered with MOHRE
Employer name
Yes
Sponsoring company
Employer establishment number
Yes
MOHRE registration number
Basic salary
Yes
As registered in employment contract
Total salary
Yes
Including allowances registered with MOHRE
Issue date
Yes
Date labor card was issued or last renewed
Expiry date
Yes
Date labor card expires
Card status
Yes
Active, Expired, Cancelled, or Suspended
Skill level
Yes
Classification 1-5
Personal number
Yes
Linked to Emirates ID
Employment contract
Yes (via MOHRE app)
Digital copy of registered contract
WPS status
Partial
Basic compliance status visible
Complaint history
Yes (via MOHRE app)
Any labor complaints filed
Labor Card Renewal Process
Labor card renewal is a mandatory process that must be completed before the card expires to avoid penalties. MOHRE accepts renewal applications up to 60 days before the expiry date.
Renewal Timeline
Timeline
Action Required
60 days before expiry
Begin renewal preparations, gather documents, verify compliance
45 days before expiry
Submit renewal application to MOHRE
30 days before expiry
Ensure application is in progress; follow up on any delays
Expiry date
Labor card expires; grace period begins
1-30 days after expiry
Grace period for completion without penalty
31-60 days after expiry
Extended grace period; risk of minor penalties
61+ days after expiry
Fines of AED 200/month per employee begin
Step 1: Pre-Renewal Check
Before submitting the renewal application, verify the following compliance requirements.
Check Item
Requirement
How to Verify
Trade license validity
Must be current and active
Department of Economic Development portal
Establishment card
Must be valid and not suspended
MOHRE eServices portal
Emiratisation compliance
Must meet 2% quota (companies with 50+ employees)
MOHRE Nafis portal
WPS compliance
All salary payments current and compliant
WPS agent reports
Outstanding fines
All MOHRE fines must be cleared
MOHRE eServices portal
Labor complaints
No unresolved complaints against employer
MOHRE eServices portal
Health insurance
Employee must have valid health insurance
DHA/HAAD/DOH portal depending on emirate
Emirates ID validity
Must be valid or renewed
ICP Smart Services
Medical fitness
May require new medical test if expired
DHA/HAAD/MOH approved centers
Employee in UAE
Employee must be in the UAE during renewal
Immigration records via GDRFA
Step 2: Submit Renewal Application
Aspect
Details
Platform
MOHRE eServices Portal or Tas'heel service center
Who submits
Employer or authorized PRO
Required documents
Valid passport copy, Emirates ID copy, current employment contract, health insurance proof, medical fitness certificate (if required), passport photos
Contract updates
Any changes to job title, salary, or terms require a new contract
Salary verification
Salary on renewal must match or exceed the current registered salary
Job title verification
Job title must match the actual role; mismatches may trigger audit
Processing time
3-5 working days
Step 3: Process Completion
Aspect
Details
Approval notification
Via MOHRE app, SMS, and email
New expiry date
2 years from date of renewal approval
Emirates ID renewal
May need to be renewed simultaneously if expiring
Residency visa renewal
Must be renewed in conjunction with labor card
WPS update
Employee records automatically updated in WPS system
Digital card
Updated digital labor card accessible via MOHRE app
Renewal Fees
Fee Component
Amount (AED)
Notes
Work permit renewal (Category A)
250
Companies meeting or exceeding Emiratisation targets
Work permit renewal (Category B)
1,200
Companies with some progress on Emiratisation
Work permit renewal (Category C)
2,500
Companies not meeting Emiratisation requirements
Work permit renewal (Category D)
3,450
Companies in violation of Emiratisation targets
Medical fitness test
Starting from 320
If required (varies by emirate)
Emirates ID renewal
370-570
Standard vs urgent processing
Visa stamping
100-200
GDRFA fees
Health insurance
700-1,100
Mandatory annual or biennial premium
Typing and service fees
50-150
Tas'heel and typing center fees
Total estimated renewal cost
2,000-6,000
Depends on company category and optional services
Late Renewal Penalties
Delay Period
Penalty
Additional Consequences
1-30 days after expiry
Warning
Grace period; no financial penalty
31-60 days after expiry
Warning to minor fine
Extended grace; process completion urged
61-90 days after expiry
AED 200/month per employee
Cumulative monthly fines begin
91-180 days after expiry
AED 200/month per employee (cumulative)
Risk of work permit suspension
181+ days after expiry
AED 200/month per employee (max AED 2,000)
Work permit suspension, hiring restrictions
Continued non-renewal
AED 2,000 cap per employee + suspension
Cannot hire new employees until resolved
Free Zone vs Mainland Differences
Understanding the difference between mainland and free zone labor cards is critical for HR managers and PRO officers managing employees across both jurisdictions.
Key Differences Between Mainland and Free Zone
Aspect
Mainland (MOHRE)
Free Zone
Issuing authority
Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE)
Respective Free Zone Authority
Governing law
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021
Free zone-specific employment regulations
Work permit scope
Work anywhere in mainland UAE
Primarily within free zone jurisdiction
Emiratisation requirement
Mandatory (2% of skilled roles for 50+ employees)
Generally exempt
WPS requirement
Mandatory for all companies
Varies by free zone
Processing time
2-3 weeks
5-10 working days
Cost structure
Based on company category (A-D)
Fixed fee schedule per free zone
Establishment card
MOHRE establishment card required
Free zone establishment card
Contract registration
Registered with MOHRE
Registered with free zone authority
Dispute resolution
MOHRE labor courts
Free zone dispute resolution then labor courts
Health insurance
Mandatory (emirate-specific rules)
Mandatory (free zone may specify provider)
Gratuity calculation
Per Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021
Per free zone regulations (often aligned)
Free Zone Work Permits by Zone
Free Zone
Processing Time
Approximate Cost (AED)
Special Features
JAFZA (Jebel Ali)
5-7 working days
3,000-5,000
Largest free zone; integrated logistics
DAFZA (Dubai Airport)
5-7 working days
3,000-5,000
Aviation and technology focus
DMCC (Dubai Multi Commodities)
7-10 working days
4,000-6,000
Commodities trading focus
DIFC (Dubai International Financial Centre)
5-10 working days
5,000-8,000
Common law jurisdiction; own employment law
ADGM (Abu Dhabi Global Market)
5-10 working days
5,000-8,000
Common law jurisdiction; own employment law
Dubai Silicon Oasis
5-7 working days
3,000-5,000
Technology and innovation focus
Dubai Internet City
5-7 working days
3,500-5,500
IT and telecommunications focus
Dubai Media City
5-7 working days
3,500-5,500
Media and creative industries
RAKEZ (Ras Al Khaimah)
3-5 working days
2,000-4,000
Cost-effective option
SAIF Zone (Sharjah)
3-5 working days
2,000-4,000
Industrial and trading focus
Ajman Free Zone
3-5 working days
1,500-3,500
Budget-friendly option
Fujairah Free Zone
3-5 working days
1,500-3,500
Shipping and oil trading
KIZAD (Khalifa Industrial Zone)
5-7 working days
3,000-5,000
Industrial and logistics focus
Transfer Between Mainland and Free Zone
Scenario
Process
Timeline
Notes
Mainland to Free Zone
Cancel mainland labor card and visa, apply for new free zone permit
2-4 weeks
Cannot do direct transfer; full cancellation required
Free Zone to Mainland
Cancel free zone permit and visa, apply for new MOHRE labor card
2-4 weeks
Cannot do direct transfer; full cancellation required
Free Zone to Free Zone
Cancel current free zone permit, apply with new free zone
1-3 weeks
Some free zones have inter-zone transfer agreements
Mainland to Mainland
Direct transfer via MOHRE (no cancellation needed)
2-4 weeks
NOC no longer required since February 2022
DIFC and ADGM Special Rules
DIFC and ADGM operate under separate common law jurisdictions with their own employment regulations.
Aspect
DIFC
ADGM
Governing law
DIFC Employment Law No. 2 of 2019
ADGM Employment Regulations 2019
Dispute resolution
DIFC Courts
ADGM Courts
Work permit authority
DIFC Authority
ADGM Registration Authority
Gratuity
21 days per year (first 5 years), 30 days per year (after 5 years)
21 days per year (first 5 years), 30 days per year (after 5 years)
Notice period
Per employment contract (minimum 30 days)
Per employment contract (minimum 30 days)
Probation period
Maximum 6 months
Maximum 6 months
Health insurance
Mandatory
Mandatory
WPS
Not applicable (separate payment systems)
Not applicable (separate payment systems)
Transfer to mainland
Requires full cancellation and reissuance
Requires full cancellation and reissuance
Costs and Fees
Understanding the full cost structure of the labor card process is essential for budgeting and compliance. To model the total employment cost per hire, you can use our employee cost calculator.
Work Permit Fees by Company Category
MOHRE classifies companies into categories based on their Emiratisation compliance, Wage Protection System adherence, and overall labor law compliance.
Company Category
Description
Work Permit Fee (AED)
Criteria
Category A
Fully compliant, exceeding Emiratisation targets
250
Meets or exceeds all Emiratisation and compliance targets
Category B
Partially compliant, making progress
1,200
Some Emiratisation progress; minor compliance gaps
Important: Under Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Article 6, employers must bear all costs related to recruitment and employment. Charging employees for recruitment costs is prohibited and carries a penalty of AED 100,000.
Penalties for Non-Compliance
The UAE government has significantly strengthened penalties for labor card and work permit violations under Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 and its Executive Regulations.
Common Violations and Penalties
Violation
Penalty (AED)
Legal Reference
Employing worker without valid work permit
50,000 per worker
Article 60(1)
Using work permit for purpose other than intended
100,000-1,000,000
Article 60(2)
False Emiratisation (fictitious employment of nationals)
100,000-1,000,000
Article 60(3)
Charging recruitment costs to employee
100,000
Article 60(4)
Late labor card renewal (after grace period)
200/month per worker (max 2,000)
Ministerial Resolution
WPS salary non-compliance
5,000 per worker + permit suspension
Article 54
Failure to provide employment contract
20,000 per worker
Article 60(5)
Employing juvenile without proper permit
50,000
Article 60(6)
Failure to maintain employee records
10,000-50,000
Article 60(7)
Operating establishment without valid license
50,000-200,000
Article 60(8)
Employer Consequences
Consequence
Trigger
Duration
Financial penalties
Any violation listed above
Immediate upon determination
Work permit suspension
Repeated violations or severe non-compliance
Until violations are resolved
Hiring restrictions
Failure to meet Emiratisation targets or repeated violations
6-12 months
Establishment card downgrade
Non-compliance with MOHRE standards
Until compliance is restored
Trade license revocation (extreme cases)
Persistent severe violations
Permanent or until judicial review
Criminal prosecution
Trafficking, forced labor, or exploitation
Per UAE Penal Code
Double penalties for repeat offenses
Same violation within 3 years
Applied per occurrence
Public listing
Severe violations
Company listed on MOHRE non-compliant register
Employee Consequences
Consequence
Trigger
Impact
Labor ban (historical)
Absconding or violation of employment terms
Largely abolished under new law
Deportation
Working without valid permit
Immediate removal from UAE
Fines
Overstaying visa after labor card cancellation
AED 100/day for overstay (GDRFA)
Inability to work
Expired labor card without renewal
Cannot legally work until renewed
Loss of end-of-service benefits
Termination for disciplinary reasons per Article 44
Benefits may be forfeited
Entry ban
Serious violations or criminal activity
1 year to permanent
How to Avoid Penalties
Best Practice
Details
Responsible Party
Track expiry dates
Maintain a centralized document expiry tracker for all employees
HR Manager
Begin renewal 60 days early
Submit renewal applications well before expiry
PRO Officer
Maintain WPS compliance
Process all salaries through WPS on time
Finance / Payroll
Register accurate contracts
Ensure MOHRE contracts match actual employment terms
HR Manager
Meet Emiratisation targets
Hire and retain UAE nationals per quota requirements
HR Director
Conduct regular audits
Monthly review of all employee document statuses
HR / Compliance
Use HR software
Automated reminders and tracking for document expiry
HR Manager
Stay updated on law changes
Monitor MOHRE announcements and legal updates
Legal / Compliance
Clear fines promptly
Pay any outstanding MOHRE fines immediately
Finance
Maintain health insurance
Ensure all employees have continuous valid coverage
HR Manager
Labor Card Cancellation
Labor card cancellation is required when employment ends, whether through resignation, termination, or mutual agreement.
When Cancellation Is Required
Scenario
Cancellation Required
Timeline
Employee resignation
Yes
Within 30 days of last working day
Employer termination
Yes
Within 30 days of termination date
Mutual agreement to end employment
Yes
Within 30 days of agreement date
Contract expiry (not renewed)
Yes
Within 30 days of contract end date
Employee death
Yes
Within 30 days of death
Company closure
Yes
Must cancel all employees before closure
Employee transfer to new employer (mainland)
Automatic
Cancelled as part of transfer process
Employee transfer (mainland to/from free zone)
Yes
Manual cancellation required before new permit
Cancellation Process
Step
Action
Timeline
Step 1
Settle all employee dues (salary, gratuity, leave balance, repatriation)
Before initiating cancellation
Step 2
Submit cancellation request via MOHRE eServices or Tas'heel
Within 30 days of employment end
Step 3
Cancel health insurance or transfer to employee
Concurrent with cancellation
Step 4
Cancel residency visa via GDRFA
After MOHRE labor card cancellation
Step 5
Deactivate Emirates ID employment link
Automatic upon visa cancellation
Step 6
Provide employee with cancellation confirmation
Upon completion
Step 7
Issue end-of-service certificate
Upon request by employee
Grace Period After Cancellation
Employee Category
Grace Period
Purpose
Standard employees (skill levels 3-5)
30 days
Find new employer or arrange departure
Skilled workers (skill levels 1-2)
Up to 90 days
Find new employer or arrange departure
Green Visa holders
Up to 180 days
Find new employer or arrange departure
Golden Visa holders
Up to 180 days
Find new employer or arrange departure
Domestic workers
30 days
Find new sponsor or arrange departure
Dependents losing sponsor
30 days
Transfer to new sponsor or arrange departure
Important Cancellation Notes
Topic
Details
Employee dues settlement
All dues must be paid before or upon cancellation; failure to do so may result in labor complaints and fines
Gratuity payment
Must be paid within 14 days of last working day per Article 51
Annual leave balance
Unused leave must be paid in cash based on last salary
Repatriation flight
Employer must pay for return flight to home country (or country of recruitment)
NOC requirement
No longer required for job transfers since February 2022
Absconding reports
Employer can no longer file absconding reports; replaced with "work discontinuation" notification
Grace period extension
Can be requested in exceptional circumstances via GDRFA
Overstay fines
AED 100/day after grace period expires (GDRFA)
Re-entry after cancellation
No automatic ban; employee can re-enter on new visa
Freelance transition
Employee can apply for freelance permit during grace period
Job Transfer Rules Under Current Law
The UAE significantly reformed its job transfer rules in February 2022 with the implementation of Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021. The most significant change was the abolition of the NOC (No Objection Certificate) requirement.
Key Changes Since February 2022
Aspect
Previous Rule
Current Rule (Since February 2022)
NOC requirement
Mandatory from current employer
Abolished; no longer required
Notice period
30 days (limited contract)
30-90 days per contract terms
Labor ban
Imposed for certain transfer scenarios
Abolished for most scenarios
Limited vs unlimited contracts
Different transfer rules for each
All contracts are now limited (fixed-term)
Transfer fee
Charged to new employer
Abolished
Probation period transfer
Restricted
Allowed with 14 days written notice and 1 month notice to employer
Skill level restriction
Transfers limited within same skill level
No skill level restriction
Salary requirement
New salary must exceed previous
No minimum salary increase required
Grace period for job seeking
30 days
30-180 days depending on visa type
During notice period
Cannot start new employment
Cannot start new employment until notice period is served
Transfer Process
Step
Action
Timeline
Responsible Party
Step 1
Employee submits written resignation to current employer
As per contract terms
Employee
Step 2
Employee serves notice period (30-90 days)
Per employment contract
Employee
Step 3
Current employer settles all dues (salary, gratuity, leave)
Within 14 days of last working day
Current Employer
Step 4
Current employer cancels labor card and visa
Within 30 days of last working day
Current Employer / PRO
Step 5
New employer submits transfer work permit application (Type 2) to MOHRE
After cancellation is processed
New Employer / PRO
Step 6
MOHRE processes transfer application
2-3 working days
MOHRE
Step 7
New employer completes visa and labor card process
1-2 weeks
New Employer / PRO
Step 8
Employee begins work with new employer
After new labor card is issued
Employee
Important Notes on Transfers:
Direct transfers between mainland and free zone are not possible. The current labor card and visa must be cancelled, and a new permit must be issued by the receiving jurisdiction.
Employees who resign during probation must give 14 days written notice and serve a 1-month notice period.
If the employee wishes to leave the UAE after resignation, the employer must still pay all end-of-service dues.
The new employer does not need to compensate the previous employer for any transfer costs.
How RadixHR Simplifies Labor Card Management
Managing labor cards, work permits, and visa documents for a growing workforce is complex and error-prone when done manually. RadixHR provides a comprehensive HR platform designed to simplify and automate the entire process.
Document Tracking
Centralized dashboard showing all employee document statuses at a glance
Automated expiry date tracking for labor cards, Emirates IDs, visas, passports, and health insurance
Color-coded alerts: green (valid), yellow (expiring soon), red (expired)
Configurable notification periods (30, 45, 60, or 90 days before expiry)
Employee Document Management
Secure cloud storage for all employee documents (labor cards, contracts, certificates)
Digital copies of Emirates ID, passport, and visa accessible anytime
Document version history and audit trail
Role-based access control for sensitive employee information
Renewal Workflow Automation
Automated renewal reminders sent to HR managers and PRO officers via email and in-app notifications
Pre-built renewal checklists ensuring all prerequisites are met before submission
Task assignment and tracking for multi-step renewal processes
Integration with payroll to verify WPS compliance before renewal
Penalty risk assessment based on current compliance status
Ready to streamline your labor card management?Book a free demo of RadixHR and see how our platform can help your HR team stay compliant and save time.
Summary: UAE Labor Card Key Facts
Aspect
Details
Reference
Official name
e-Work Permit
MOHRE
Issuing authority (mainland)
Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE)
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021
Issuing authority (free zone)
Respective Free Zone Authority
Free zone regulations
Governing law
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021
UAE Official Gazette
Executive regulations
Cabinet Resolution No. 1 of 2022, Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022
UAE Official Gazette
Format
Digital (MOHRE app and portal)
MOHRE
Standard validity
2 years
Article 8
Work permit types
13 types
Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022
Application timeline
2-4 weeks (standard), 5-7 days (fast-track)
MOHRE
Total application cost
AED 3,000-7,000
MOHRE fee schedule
Renewal window
60 days before expiry
MOHRE
Late renewal penalty
AED 200/month per employee (max AED 2,000)
Ministerial Resolution
Penalty for no permit
AED 50,000 per worker
Article 60(1)
Penalty for false Emiratisation
AED 100,000-1,000,000
Article 60(3)
NOC requirement
Abolished since February 2022
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021
Grace period after cancellation
30-180 days depending on visa type
GDRFA regulations
Employer cost obligation
All recruitment and employment costs borne by employer
Article 6
Emirates ID integration
Fully integrated; linked via personal number
ICP
Online status check
Free via MOHRE portal, app, hotline, or Tas'heel
MOHRE
WPS requirement
Mandatory for all mainland private sector
Ministerial Decree No. 788 of 2009
Health insurance
Mandatory for all employees
Emirate-specific health insurance laws
Contract type
All contracts are limited (fixed-term) since February 2022
Article 8
Emiratisation quota
2% of skilled roles for companies with 50+ employees
Cabinet Resolution No. 95 of 2022
Mainland to free zone transfer
Requires cancellation and reissuance
MOHRE / Free Zone Authority
Sources and References
Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 on the Regulation of Labour Relations — UAE Official Gazette
Cabinet Resolution No. 1 of 2022 on the Executive Regulations of Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 — UAE Official Gazette
Ministerial Resolution No. 1 of 2022 on Work Permit Types and Conditions — MOHRE
Cabinet Resolution No. 95 of 2022 on Emiratisation Targets in the Private Sector — UAE Official Gazette
Ministerial Decree No. 788 of 2009 on the Wage Protection System — MOHRE
MOHRE eServices Portal — eservices.mohre.gov.ae
ICP Smart Services — smartservices.icp.gov.ae
GDRFA Dubai e-Channels — gdrfad.gov.ae
DIFC Employment Law No. 2 of 2019 — DIFC Authority
Dubai Health Authority (DHA) — Medical Fitness Requirements
MOHRE Company Classification Guidelines — MOHRE
UAE Pass Digital Identity Platform — uaepass.ae
Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security (ICP) — icp.gov.ae
Nafis (Emiratisation Program) — nafis.gov.ae
Frequently asked questions
What is a UAE labor card?
A UAE labor card, officially called the e-Work Permit, is a digital government document that authorizes an individual to work legally in the UAE private sector. The traditional plastic card has been fully phased out and is now entirely electronic, accessible through the MOHRE app and website. It contains the work permit number, employee name, nationality, job title, employer details, issue and expiry dates, and personal number linked to Emirates ID.
Who needs a labor card in UAE?
All foreign nationals working in mainland private sector, UAE nationals in private sector, part-time workers, temporary workers, freelancers, and domestic workers need a labor card or work permit. Government employees are covered under separate rules. Free zone employees receive permits from their free zone authority, not MOHRE. The UAE recognizes 13 types of work permits to accommodate different employment arrangements.
How long does the labor card application process take?
The complete labor card application process takes approximately 2-3 weeks, broken down as: work permit approval (2-3 working days), entry permit issuance (1-2 working days), medical fitness test (2-3 working days), Emirates ID processing (5-7 working days), residency visa (2-3 working days), and labor card issuance (3-5 working days). Fast-track processing is available for AED 500-1,000, reducing the timeline to approximately 5-7 working days.
How much does a UAE labor card cost?
Total application costs range from AED 3,000 to AED 7,000 depending on company category. This includes work permit application (AED 250-3,450 based on company category), entry permit (AED 200-350), medical fitness test (starting from AED 320), Emirates ID application (AED 370-570), visa stamping (AED 100-200), mandatory health insurance (AED 700-1,100), and typing/service fees (AED 50-150). All costs must be borne by the employer.
How do I check my labor card number online?
You can check your labor card number through four channels: MOHRE eServices Portal (eservices.mohre.gov.ae) by entering your work permit number and date of birth, MOHRE Mobile App by logging in with UAE Pass, MOHRE Hotline (600 590 000) by providing your Emirates ID, or visiting any Tas'heel service center with your Emirates ID. All methods are free of charge.
When should I renew my labor card?
MOHRE accepts renewal applications up to 60 days before expiry. You should begin renewal 60 days before expiry and ensure the application is in progress by 30 days before. There is a grace period of up to 60 days after expiry for completion. After the 60-day grace period, fines of AED 200 per month per employee apply, capped at AED 2,000 per employee. Continued non-renewal may result in suspension of work permits and hiring restrictions.
What is the difference between mainland and free zone labor cards?
Mainland labor cards are issued by MOHRE under Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, while free zone permits are issued by the respective free zone authority. Mainland permits allow work anywhere in mainland UAE, while free zone permits are primarily within the free zone jurisdiction. Mainland companies must meet Emiratisation quotas (2% of skilled roles); free zones are exempt. Processing is 2-3 weeks for mainland vs 5-10 working days for free zones. Transfers between mainland and free zone require cancellation and reissuance.
What are the penalties for not having a valid labor card?
Penalties include AED 50,000 per worker for employing without valid work permits, AED 100,000-1,000,000 for using permits for wrong purposes or false Emiratisation, AED 100,000 for charging recruitment fees to employees, AED 200/month (max AED 2,000) per worker for late renewal, and AED 5,000 per worker plus permit suspension for WPS salary non-compliance. Fines may be doubled if the same violation recurs within 3 years.
What happens when a labor card is cancelled?
When employment ends, the labor card must be cancelled within 30 days. The employer must settle all employee dues first. After cancellation, employees receive a grace period: 30 days for standard employees (skill levels 3-5), up to 90 days for skilled workers (levels 1-2), and up to 180 days for Green Visa and Golden Visa holders. During this period, they can find a new employer and transfer sponsorship. NOC is no longer required for job transfers since February 2022.
Can I transfer my labor card between employers?
Yes. Since February 2022, the NOC requirement has been abolished. Employees can transfer by serving their notice period (30-90 days), submitting written resignation, and having the new employer submit a transfer application to MOHRE. The transfer is processed within 2-4 weeks after the notice period. Direct transfers between mainland and free zone are not possible — cancellation and reissuance is required.
